UsefulInfo:胡笙-澎湖專屬樂曲-菜宅田


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澎湖專屬樂曲-菜宅田


  一座座比臨成棋盤式的方格,像母親房內五斗櫃的抽屜,藏著許多驚喜;季風使盡力道擊打菜宅,仍撬不開先民留給後世子孫的智慧結晶。~~讓我們看海去/澎湖縣政府


  澎湖早期的居民絕大多數是亦漁亦農地生活,為便利漁業操作,傍海築屋成為常規,大部份聚落都座落在天然港澳的海邊;澎湖人也習慣稱呼在海上討生活為「討海」,在陸上耕作則叫「作山」。通常討海或作山均有男女之分,遠洋、近海或深水區的漁撈是男人的專職,婦女則多從事耕作或沿海的簡單漁撈。

  早期純粹「作山」的男人寥寥無幾,頂多只是分擔需要用牛或少數比較耗力的農作,其它的瑣碎農務、漁務(補網…等)全由女人包辦。有些不能出海的男人,則從事「巡滬」、磯釣等近岸或潮間帶漁撈工作;至於撿螺螄、挖蚌殼等較簡易的「落海」漁作,同樣是由老弱婦孺「兼差」。表面上,男人做的都是比較危險的工作,卻清閒許多;而婦女們每天所做的勞動,則數倍於男人,所以才會有「澎湖查母台灣牛」之說的流傳。

  澎湖的東北季風相當強勁,素有「風島」之稱,日據時期日人也習慣稱之為「風沙島」;強風不僅會直接侵襲作物,它所颳起的海水(鹽霧),也會讓作物枯萎敗死,即使在作物收成後,更會將田地上的表土吹得一乾二淨,只剩難以耕作的砂石。

  所以,先民們為抗拒風害、鹽霧及避免表土被強風吹失,大多在住家附近或旱作的農地上,因地制宜以老古石(珊瑚礁)或玄武岩石塊,堆砌成一排排狀似棋盤的防風牆,並於牆內種植農作蔬果,此類菜圃即稱之為「菜宅」;又該砌築圍牆的旱作農地每每筆筆相連,遠觀狀似蜂巢,因而也稱為「蜂巢田」(見於小門嶼)。另在少數水源較為充沛的村落(如大城北、隘門、太武…等)則以蘆竹、芒草作為防風的設施。菜宅的用途

  這些有宅岸圍繞的「菜宅」,大多會備有灌溉用的淺水井,種植的多是一些蔬菜及地瓜苗,也是澎湖在冬季時最有生機的「綠洲」;但受氣候影響,通常只能栽培一些蘿蔔、洋蔥、甘藍、結球甘藍(大頭菜)、球花甘藍(花椰菜)、芹菜、茼萵等普通的蔬菜。

  澎湖菜宅內的作物,如菜豆、南瓜、絲瓜、黃瓜等,多趕在清明之前完成栽種,澆灑、除草、採摘等動作也持續不斷;到了農曆6月時,高麗菜、白菜種子也會湊上一腳,約育苗1個月後,則需移植到較大的空間。緊接著則是七月栽蔥,八月栽蒜(七蔥八蒜)的工作,以及陸續栽種較為耐寒的蔬菜。

  儘管澎湖的農地貧瘠、作物栽種不易,但所耕作出來的蔬菜瓜果,在品質上卻頗為優質;如之名的哈密瓜、嘉寶瓜、楊梅(香瓜茄)、蘆薈、茼萵、落花生、地瓜、高梁、小米……等等,均甚具地方特色。

  此外,台灣國寶天王級演奏家(Piyo Hu) 胡笙先生為「2006澎湖花火音樂季」-海洋戀人週活動代言,精通各種管樂器的他一口氣便完成了一、二十首曲子;此次更藉由代言花火音樂季的機會,特別將其中完好的12首曲子贈送給澎湖縣長王乾發,以作為結合藝術推展觀光之資源。

本文附帶連結之樂曲,即為專輯中的「菜宅田」。


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