SiteIntro:澎湖地名之旅Part11 西衛


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  馬公市西衛里,這個地名誕生時間和「東衛」一樣早,即在明朝永曆十五年(公元一六六一年),鄭成功登陸澎湖後,立即派一名將軍張在,率領一千多官兵,到距「娘媽宮」(今馬公市區天后宮)的西北方海岸部署防衛據點,因而取「西衛」作為地名,至今已有四百年歷史。

  清朝時代仍沿用舊名,叫做「西衛社」,屬「東西澳」管轄,自清朝到日本占據澎湖的年代裡,「西衛社」居民的武術一直是最好的,因為相傳是清朝駐防「西衛」的清兵,閒來無事就教西衛青年武術,學武風氣很盛,至今「西衛拳頭」仍然赫赫有名。

  清朝西衛的軍防據點叫做「媽宮澳西汛」,有「汛兵」(常駐兵卒)廿人,「配兵」(換防兵卒)五十人,砲台一座,戰船一艘。

  西衛守軍由「澎湖水師右營」(即海軍右營,澎湖水師有左、右各一營)指揮:這是個中型的防守據點,砲台設在西衛西方海岸,如今連遺跡都找不到了。

  光緒廿一年(公元一八九五年),日本占據澎湖後,當年六月廿八日公佈「地方暫行官制」,澎湖設廳,並派海軍少將田中綱常出任「澎湖列島行政廳長官」,施行軍政管理澎湖。

  不久,澎湖發生瘟疫(流行病,傳說是「虎烈拉」─霍亂),「澎湖列島行政廳」為了避防流行病,就從馬公(當年(行政廳)位在今電信局載波大樓一帶)遷到西衛,並占用王姓祠堂作為「行政廳」的辦公室。

  西衛里內有一個相當有名的水井,叫做「田中井」,就是以「澎湖列島行政廳」長官田中綱常的姓─田中作為井名,後來改為「西甘井」,這是日本澎湖殖民政府遷到西衛辦公遺留的「痕跡」。

  光復後,在規劃馬公市行政區域時,仍沿用舊名,稱為西衛里。


資料來源:澎湖逍遙遊網站