SiteIntro:澎湖地名之旅Part5 媽宮．馬公
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From PHSea
澎湖據「台灣紀略」記載，清朝乾隆年間（公元一七三六～一七九五年），澎湖本島（包括馬公、湖西、及澎南地區）叫做「媽祖嶼」，馬公叫做「媽宮」。
後來，「媽宮」所以改成「馬公」，是民國九年（公元一九二○年）日本人所改，改地名的目的是要配合澎湖改為「郡制」（即澎湖郡）及消滅中國傳統文化。
澎湖已故文獻專家蔡平立生前曾說，民國九年四月，他就讀「公學校」（即今馬公國小）時，校名就叫做「媽宮公學校」，由此證明，民國九年四月馬公的地名還叫做「媽宮」。民國九年九月，日本殖民政府重新規劃台灣行政體系，將澎湖改為郡制，「媽宮公學校」立即改為「馬公公學校」，「媽宮」這個地名也改稱為「馬公」，各機構名稱全部改成「馬公」。
「媽宮」這個沿用了五百年歷史的地名，於民國九年九月起變成「馬公」，迄今已被改了七十六年之久，但是人們仍然叫做「媽宮」。
民國七十三年，蔡平立先生寫了一篇文章，記述「媽宮」被改成「馬公」的原因（該文已編入「馬公市誌」）：
─日本殖民政府刻意要消除中華民族文化，先改掉傳統地名，毀舊立新以配合改郡制。
─日本人一向有簡化漢字的強烈意識，將「媽」刪掉女字旁，謂之「簡」，將筆劃較多的「宮」改為「公」，謂之「化」，而且「媽宮」與「馬公」是諧音，日本人自以為改得十分貼切。
因此，當年「馬公要港部」（類似現代海軍基地或海軍軍區）的日本海軍官兵帽子，最先繡著「馬公海軍」四個字。
從此，「媽宮」這個地名即由「馬公」取代，顯見外來的殖民政策，像潮水一般淹沒了中華民族傳統文化。
資料來源:澎湖逍遙遊網站
