Spots:澎湖鱷化石 肚裡有個鹿頭20070119
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澎湖鱷化石 肚裡有個鹿頭
距今1400萬年 可能是全新物種 填補台灣「中新世」時期空白 極具學術價值
澎湖民眾潘明國去年在西嶼鄉赤馬村海邊挖出一具估計距今約1400萬年前的馬來鱷化石,經國立自然科學博物館初步研究發現,這頭馬來鱷的內鼻孔呈大三角形,與一般鱷魚內鼻孔迥異,極可能是全新物種,研究人員同時在馬來鱷的腹腔發現一個完整的鹿頭骨,究竟是被鱷吞食,或是動物塚擠壓造成,仍待釐清。
科博館地質研究員程延年指出,這具化石應是1400萬到1000萬年前「中新世」時期的馬來鱷,這不僅是澎湖發現年代最早的鱷魚化石,也是台灣地區首度在地層中發現脊椎動物化石,顯示台灣與西太平洋化石生物群有關連,台灣在中新世時期空白的「失落環節」也能因此填補起來,學術價值非凡。
程延年說,科博館研究人員在修復及重組化石的過程中,還發現這具馬來鱷化石有部分很奇怪的特徵,例如一般馬來鱷的內鼻孔呈剖開梨形狀,但這頭馬來鱷的內鼻孔卻是大三角形狀,連加拿大研究人員也說:「這太奇怪了,無法解釋。」
程延年說,研究人員初步研判,這頭馬來鱷屬於馬來鱷大家族,但在分類上極可能是全新物種,但也不排除內鼻孔可能是遭受到擠壓變形或其他因素造成,研究人員將再研究資料比對。
研究人員同時在馬來鱷的胸腔與腹腔中間部位,發現一塊完整的頭骨,初步推測與馬來鱷應屬同一時期存在的哺乳類動物鹿的化石,這個發現讓研究人員覺得很有趣,如果是馬來鱷掠食鹿,那表示當時沼澤中的鱷魚也吞食陸地上的生物,不過若是吞食,如何還能保持鹿的頭骨完整,讓研究人員不解。
資料來源:聯合報記者肇瑩如/澎湖報導2007/01/19