Spots:西嶼二崁村 澎湖少見單姓村落20061011

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西嶼二崁村 澎湖少見單姓村落

　　本縣聚落大多位於避風的崖邊水隈，統稱之為「澳社」，西嶼二崁聚落在清朝咸豐以後就叫做西嶼鄉二崁社。除是澎湖相當少見的單姓村落外，其民宅多數坐西朝東而建，因此每一家子孫巷的「巷門」都位在同一條平線上，做為居住單元之間的內部連繫通道。

　　二崁村和澎湖一般聚落一樣，居民來自福建金門（夏興），絕大多數皆靠旱田耕作、淺海捕魚等採集經濟糊口，而形成一個少見獨立的單姓村落，全村居民都屬同一血緣（姓陳）。因此村中甲頭的劃分也以「房份」為依據，此為二崁「四房」的由來。

　　二崁不僅全村姓陳，居民多數皆坐西朝東而聚。聚落中的住宅單元由一些寬窄交錯的巷道串連成習稱「梳式佈局」的類似棋盤格的配置。民宅正門前的巷道（俗稱門口路）通常較寬，每戶依基地的大小自行留設，除了連繫鄰戶的大門之外，還要考慮到自家婚喪活動時出入的寬度。側面的巷道俗稱「巷路」，依據澎湖民間習俗，相鄰的兩戶必須協商，各在自己的土地留設約一尺半的寬度（合共三尺），做為聯絡前後的輔助性通道。並列成排的住宅，每一家的子孫巷的「巷門」通常都位在同一條平線上，做為居住單元之間的內部連繫通道。

　　由於民宅多採同向配置，所以正門多面對前一排居住單元的背面，因此後排房子的基地定要高過前一排，以便合乎住宅正身間的祖宗，神明不能被前面的屋頂擋住的風水觀念，而形成漸次昇高的側面景觀。　二崁聚落住宅單元前後對齊、左右併列的整齊配置，使得各家戶之保持著相當暢通的連繫動線，尤其是各戶的「巷門」（側門）因為位置接近廚房、儲藏室和正身前的抱廈（亭下），而成為服務性動線的主要孔道，而且巷路是聚落中最陰涼的戶外空間，各家主婦常在門口閒話家常或做家事，所以「巷子頭附近的巷道」即成了各家戶之間最重要的社交管道。

資料來源：澎湖時報[2006/10/11]