SiteIntro:澎湖地名之旅Part23 黑海．烏崁

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From PHSea

　　馬公市烏崁里，清朝時代叫做「烏崁社」，屬「林投澳」管轄，民國九年（公元一九二○年，日據時期），日本澎湖殖民政府─「澎湖廳」由於實施街庄自治，重新規劃基層行政區域時，才改由「馬公街」（即今馬公市）管轄。

　　清朝時代的「林投澳」，就像現在的湖西鄉鄉治所在地，「澳衙門」（類似現在的鄉公所）才設在現在的林投村。

　　現在馬公市三十四里，烏崁里在清朝時代卻由湖西鄉管轄，情況比較特殊。

　　「烏」，是指村落沿海海面呈現黑色，「崁」，是指村落周邊的懸崖，「黑」與「烏」的意思相同，因為先民寫成「烏」，因此「烏崁」這個地名即相沿迄今。

　　在清朝初期，烏崁里西側有一處懸崖，加上沿岸也有若干海崖，先民因而取懸崖作地名。至於沿海海面所以呈現黑色，是受環境及日照的影響，由於烏崁位在馬公本島東海岸，早上太陽自東方升起時，人們站在村落西側的坡地向東方瞭望，在太陽照射下海面就反映出黑色，當傍晚夕陽西下時，人們站在村落東側海崖向西方瞭望，在夕照反映下，海面也呈現黑色。

　　日據時代的「街庄」這種行政區域，類似現在的鄉市，「街」類似現在的市，「庄」類似現在的鄉，日本占據澎湖六十年，馬公市叫「馬公街」，湖西鄉叫「湖西庄」。

　　先民取「崁」這個字作地名，在澎湖很普遍，如白沙鄉的大赤崁、小赤崁及西嶼鄉的二崁等，都是當地有懸崖的緣故；由此顯示，當先民在某地落戶時，多以當地的地理環境取地名，如果有比較特殊的景觀，就取特殊景觀作地名，否則就隨便依照地形取地名，「崁」就成為較普遍的地名。在明、清時代，烏崁里沿海是海戰的古戰場

資料來源:澎湖逍遙遊網站