SiteIntro:澎湖地名之旅Part19小管.鎖港


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From PHSea

Revision as of 11:03, 28 May 2006; view current revision
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  馬公市鎖港里,自古至今,當地居民都以捕魚為業,尤其是在古代,是盛產小管魚的港灣,因此先民就取「小管」作地名。

  清朝時代叫做「鎖港社」,屬「嵵裡澳」管轄。由於「小」與「鎖」這兩個字以標準泉州土音發音相似,先民用文字記載地名時,認為「小」這個字不好因而寫成「鎖」,沿用至今。

  日據時期稱為「鎖管港」,光復時與鐵線合為一個里,叫「鎖鐵里」,民國三十五年(公元一九四六年)改為「鐵鎖里」,民國四十年(公元一九五一年)實施地方自治,重新規劃基層行政區域,才與鐵線分開,恢復獨立的一個里,叫「鎖港里」。

  在清朝時代,鎖港就已經是個漁業相當發達的漁村,到了日本占領澎湖後不久,就在鎖港設置「漁業組合」(類似現在的漁會),方便管理漁船及課征漁業稅。

  鎖港的漁業所以特別發達,是因為沿海漁場較多,加上古代澎湖沿海魚資源相當豐富,鎖港里先民每年的漁業收益高舤其他村里。

  在鎖港南方沿海,有「南溝」及「北溝」兩個拖網漁場,村落南岸有個「海尪垵」(鯨魚洄游的港灣),自村落至烏崁里一帶港灣盛產小管、鰻及鰺科等魚類。

  因此,澎湖最早使用「拖網」、「焚寄網」及「埋繒」捕魚的就是鎖港的先民。「拖網」,早年叫做「卡網」,是由帆船拖曳。

  「焚寄網」,早年叫做「畚箕繒」,由兩艘漁船包操圍捕;「埋繒」,又名「四角繒」,共有四艘較大漁船及四艘小漁船共同作業。

  四艘小漁船點燃火集魚,四艘較大漁船將四角形狀的「繒」(網)放下海底後,四艘小漁船就將集到的魚群引入「繒」內起網撈獲。

  明、清兩個朝代的戰亂及賊禍,從未波及鎖港,現在,鎖港的漁業已經式微,但取代而起的是與台灣本島的西岸的通航,客、貨輪航運業蓬勃發展,來自台灣本島的全縣日常消費品,約有一半從鎖港吞吐,鎖港里已經成為馬公市第二個港埠。

資料來源:澎湖逍遙遊網站