Spots:澎湖地名之旅Part60 漁翁島 西嶼


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澎湖地名之旅Part60 漁翁島 西嶼 


  西嶼鄉明朝時代叫做「漁翁島」,到了清朝雍正年間朝廷開始文經武治,規劃行政區域時才改為「西嶼澳」,轄區包括「橫礁社」、「合界頭社」、「竹篙灣社」(竹灣村)、「小門社」、「大池角社」、「二崁社」、「小池角社」、「緝馬灣社」、「內暫社」(內垵村)、「外暫社」(外垵村)。

  先民所以取名「漁翁島」,是因為古代台灣海峽漁業資源豐富,許多漁船多在西嶼鄉西方沿海作業,由於補魚的漁船多,因而取名「漁翁島」。

  官府公文第一次寫著「西嶼澳」這個地名時,約在雍正中期,但是,自明朝一直到現在,曾在澎湖做官的人都叫「漁翁島」。

  光復前後,有一段時期被外地人冠上一個不雅的地名:「寡婦島」,原因是由於古代沒有氣象預報,漁船出海遭遇颱風常發生海難,加上二次大戰盟軍空襲,造成不少人傷亡,若干妻子因而失去丈夫,「寡婦島」因此不徑而走。

  日據時期前半期,行政區域重新調整,仍叫「西嶼澳」,但由「小池角支廳管轄」,將西嶼鄉分為「小池角區」及「內垵區」,後半期改為「西嶼庄」,「庄」類似現代的鄉,民國四十年實施地方自治,才稱為西嶼鄉,共轄十一村。

  在明、清時代,西嶼鄉的特色之一是「烽火塔」特別多,凡是高地就設置燃燒烽火設施,白天放煙,晚上放火,作為示警,人們看到煙火時立刻準備防範或暫避。

  因為古代台灣海峽是一條重要航道,商船、賊船、戰船來往頻繁,守著烽火塔的士兵一發現有船舶要登陸西嶼鄉時,馬上燃放烽火示警,「烽火」就是現代的警報器。

  長久以來,若干考古學者看到漁翁島上不少年代久遠的石堆,大多不了解它是什麼遺跡,後來經過一段時期進行田野研究,才知道是明、清時代遺留的「烽火塔」,如果那麼多烽火塔現在仍然保留完好,將是一項考古資源。

資料來源:澎湖縣政府