Spots:我們的島-第184集海底印記
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Revision as of 14:18, 30 September 2006
節目名稱：我們的島 製作公司：公視 資料連結：連結點 集數：第184集海底印記
記者 于立平
清晨四點，台南安平港內出現許多忙著搬氣瓶的潛水人員，在這種天都還沒有亮的時間，「潛水」似乎顯得有些突兀，這批來自各行各業的潛水同好，準備趕在8點海流比較穩定的時候，到達澎湖東吉島海域，雖然他們已經冒險下水很多次了，但是還是希望能夠親眼見到傳說中的海底聚落….
這樣業餘的水下考古行動，起因於一個「虎井沉城」的傳說，澎湖縣誌中記載，「虎井嶼之東頭突端海底，有一座沈城，從突端高處俯視，確有一道狀似城牆繞圍突端，隱於海中清晰可見，兩端漸向深處而渺，俗稱為虎井沈城」，為了解開這個美麗的神話，民國六十五年，當時的澎湖縣長就請潛水界的老前輩謝新曦，尋找這座海底古城，不過這地圖上的一小點，卻讓謝老師找了七年，最後發現了一座看似十字型城牆的結構物，但究竟是自然的岩石節理，還是人為的海底遺跡，卻是各派理論眾說紛紜。
古文明的探索人士認為，這是人造的城牆，年代可追溯到六千到一萬年前，由於當時冰河時期海平面比現在低120公尺左右，所以台灣海峽露出陸地，海水面上升後文明的遺跡就深藏海底，這樣的理論卻引發考古學家的質疑，因為一萬年前屬於舊石器時代，當時人類是以漁獵採集維生，沒有固定的住所，更別說具規模的神殿或城市建築，當然也就不可能有遺址的存在，部分地質學家也認為所謂的城牆只是岩層變化，由於澎湖群島的玄武岩本就變化多端，所以也可能是玄武岩節理看似一面牆，也有可能是由火山噴發所形成的火成岩岩脈，就當「沉城之謎」還沒有定論，這群潛水同好，卻開始根據各地漁民，傳言有看見海底聚落的疑似地點，在台灣海域各處，尋找夢中的神話故事，而位於澎湖最東方的東吉島，就是另一個遺跡傳說的基地….
東、西吉島是澎湖群島最南方的兩座小島，據島上的老人家表示，東吉島的全盛時期，人口曾高達二、三千人，村民大多以捕魚為業，在不到二平方公里的土地上，還曾設有國中、小學、衛生所。但因漁業資源過渡及不當的捕撈，而日漸匱乏，島上居民生活不易，加上就業及求學、交通不便等因素，村民只好紛紛遷離。目前常住居民加上軍警等公職人員，約只剩三十人左右。島上偌大的梯田已盡數荒蕪，聚落房舍也大多傾毀，過往的繁華已成回憶。
近兩個月來的水下踏查，就在這座小島的附近海域，發現疑似蜂巢田的人為石牆遺跡，目前中山大學環境學系教授及歷史博物館的考古專家，正著手研究，是否為人工建造物。東吉島水下石牆，預料將繼虎井沈城，再度引起，國際水下古文明考古專家的矚目。
究竟海底有沒有古文明，如果沒有找到十足人為遺跡的證據，相信和不相信的人永遠難以有交集，就像台灣現在的水下考古發展一樣，有考古專業的人不會潛水，會潛水的人沒有考古的專業，不過即使如此，這一群帶著古文明夢的潛水同好，仍會繼續的海裡尋找，因為「海洋就像是一本讀不完的書」，有許多謎題還等待發掘….
