SiteIntro:澎湖地名之旅Part11 西衛
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Revision as of 10:41, 28 May 2006
馬公市西衛里，這個地名誕生時間和「東衛」一樣早，即在明朝永曆十五年（公元一六六一年），鄭成功登陸澎湖後，立即派一名將軍張在，率領一千多官兵，到距「娘媽宮」（今馬公市區天后宮）的西北方海岸部署防衛據點，因而取「西衛」作為地名，至今已有四百年歷史。
清朝時代仍沿用舊名，叫做「西衛社」，屬「東西澳」管轄，自清朝到日本占據澎湖的年代裡，「西衛社」居民的武術一直是最好的，因為相傳是清朝駐防「西衛」的清兵，閒來無事就教西衛青年武術，學武風氣很盛，至今「西衛拳頭」仍然赫赫有名。
清朝西衛的軍防據點叫做「媽宮澳西汛」，有「汛兵」（常駐兵卒）廿人，「配兵」（換防兵卒）五十人，砲台一座，戰船一艘。
西衛守軍由「澎湖水師右營」（即海軍右營，澎湖水師有左、右各一營）指揮：這是個中型的防守據點，砲台設在西衛西方海岸，如今連遺跡都找不到了。
光緒廿一年（公元一八九五年），日本占據澎湖後，當年六月廿八日公佈「地方暫行官制」，澎湖設廳，並派海軍少將田中綱常出任「澎湖列島行政廳長官」，施行軍政管理澎湖。
不久，澎湖發生瘟疫（流行病，傳說是「虎烈拉」─霍亂），「澎湖列島行政廳」為了避防流行病，就從馬公（當年（行政廳）位在今電信局載波大樓一帶）遷到西衛，並占用王姓祠堂作為「行政廳」的辦公室。
西衛里內有一個相當有名的水井，叫做「田中井」，就是以「澎湖列島行政廳」長官田中綱常的姓─田中作為井名，後來改為「西甘井」，這是日本澎湖殖民政府遷到西衛辦公遺留的「痕跡」。
光復後，在規劃馬公市行政區域時，仍沿用舊名，稱為西衛里。
資料來源:澎湖逍遙遊網站
