Spots:澎湖褒歌簡介


Strict Standards: Non-static method Title::legalChars() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /var/www/html/mediawiki/includes/Parser.php on line 1982

Strict Standards: Non-static method MagicWord::get() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /var/www/html/mediawiki/includes/Parser.php on line 1952

Strict Standards: Non-static method MagicWord::get() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /var/www/html/mediawiki/includes/Parser.php on line 1952

Strict Standards: Non-static method MagicWord::get() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /var/www/html/mediawiki/includes/Parser.php on line 1952

Strict Standards: Non-static method MagicWord::get() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /var/www/html/mediawiki/includes/Parser.php on line 1952

Strict Standards: Non-static method MagicWord::get() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /var/www/html/mediawiki/includes/Parser.php on line 1952

Strict Standards: Non-static method MagicWord::get() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /var/www/html/mediawiki/includes/Parser.php on line 1952

Strict Standards: Non-static method MagicWord::get() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /var/www/html/mediawiki/includes/Parser.php on line 1952

Strict Standards: Non-static method MagicWord::get() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /var/www/html/mediawiki/includes/Parser.php on line 1952

Strict Standards: Non-static method MagicWord::get() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /var/www/html/mediawiki/includes/Parser.php on line 1952

Strict Standards: Non-static method MagicWord::get() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /var/www/html/mediawiki/includes/Parser.php on line 1952

Strict Standards: Non-static method MagicWord::get() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /var/www/html/mediawiki/includes/Parser.php on line 1952

Strict Standards: Non-static method MagicWord::get() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /var/www/html/mediawiki/includes/Parser.php on line 1952

Strict Standards: Non-static method MagicWord::get() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /var/www/html/mediawiki/includes/Parser.php on line 1952

Strict Standards: Non-static method MagicWord::get() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /var/www/html/mediawiki/includes/Parser.php on line 1952

Strict Standards: Non-static method MagicWord::get() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /var/www/html/mediawiki/includes/Parser.php on line 1952

Strict Standards: Non-static method MagicWord::get() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /var/www/html/mediawiki/includes/Parser.php on line 1952

Strict Standards: Non-static method MagicWord::get() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /var/www/html/mediawiki/includes/Parser.php on line 1952

Strict Standards: Non-static method MagicWord::get() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /var/www/html/mediawiki/includes/Parser.php on line 1952

Strict Standards: Non-static method MagicWord::get() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /var/www/html/mediawiki/includes/Parser.php on line 1952

Strict Standards: Non-static method MagicWord::get() should not be called statically, assuming $this from incompatible context in /var/www/html/mediawiki/includes/Parser.php on line 1952
From PHSea

(Difference between revisions)
Revision as of 10:50, 4 August 2006
Smilelong (Talk | contribs)
澎湖褒歌簡介 moved to Spots:澎湖褒歌簡介
← Previous diff
Current revision
Smilelong (Talk | contribs)

Line 22: Line 22:
  兩枝甘蔗平平長,   兩枝甘蔗平平長,
-  + 
  媽宮對面西嶼庄,   媽宮對面西嶼庄,

Current revision

文/洪敏聰

  褒歌文化遠隨祖先由閩南傳入澎湖,它表達了人們的心境,反應了社會的民情,更將包羅萬象的知識透過口唱吟詠的歌句,綿延傳承。


  褒歌的「褒」有創作的含意,因為就歌詞而言,不是每一首歌詞都在褒獎什麼,反倒是很多歌詞都有有摳褻的意味。


  諺語有:「四句全才有出門」。這句話就是指褒歌的人,把四句歌詞都想齊全了之後才說出口。另外有一句諺語是用來譏笑褒不出四句歌詞的人,它是這樣講的:「褒歌若無四句,就斬頭搵火灰。」。這句話的意思是說:褒出一首歌來,如果沒能湊成完整的四句,就要把頭砍起來沾染灰燼。這句話是在罵人笨,也就是說褒不出四句歌的人就是笨死了,可以把頭砍下來製作成標本。所以由上述兩句來看,褒歌的基本型式是一首四句,舉例如下:

  十枝關刀十枝瘦,

  十雙弓鞋繡蝶婆,

  阿妹生嫷邀兄好,

  後日生囝親像哥。


  雖然褒歌的基本型式是四句,但是仍有一些比較特殊的例子,有六句的、八句的或者超過十句以上。例如:

  兩枝甘蔗平平長,

  媽宮對面西嶼庄,

  阿娘仔離阮無偌遠,

  可惜海水隔中央,

  等待下昏五點?

  西基載阮轉,

  今暝搭卜邀娘仔睏共床。


又例:

  出志願做軍夫,

  這是國民義務,

  出征伓比在咱厝,

  著愛保重咱身軀,

  遲緩母恩來(難)長久,

  東洋平和仙所賜,

  有名軍夫上營頭,

  看送儂亂 ,

  咱做人民守後,

  盡忠報國才有 。


  這首褒歌創作於日治時期。在大東亞戰爭爆發之後,日本軍方在台灣及澎湖大肆徵調軍夫。歌詞內容顯示的是人民對日本政府的效忠,做軍夫也是志願提出來,並且認為這是國民對國家應盡的義務,當然他也知道這是出征,非常危險,所以要保重自己的身體,因為母親的要求,雖可遲延幾天入營,但終究還是要去當軍夫,東洋要能和平,除非神仙所賜,換句話說東洋戰爭是無法停止的。軍夫點名要報到入營,看熱鬧的、送行的亂成一團,形容入伍時熱鬧吵雜的景象。最後兩句是說:我們不能入營的民眾,要作軍人的後盾,盡忠報國才是最高尚的行為。表現了國民對於國家盡忠報國的赤誠。


  褒歌是要花費一些心思去體會,也要花費一些腦力去創作,而褒出來的歌,不過博人一笑或是在口頭上佔一點便宜而已,究竟褒歌含有什麼樣的樂趣?這可由地方的諺語來窺見一二。「有歌有曲心頭鬆,無歌無曲成戇儂。」。這句諺語是說:一個人能編歌會唱曲心頭自然輕鬆愉快,如果不會編歌也不會唱曲那就跟傻瓜差不多。會褒歌會唱曲的人由於生中有這麼豐富的快樂因子,比起不會褒歌不會唱曲的人,那人生的旅途是多麼的燦爛有趣。總之,褒歌的作用就是在使自己隨時保有一顆愉快的心情,人生才會過得快樂,這也就是褒歌的樂趣所在。


  先民在創作「褒歌」的同時,由於日常生活中所接觸的事物,無不可以褒歌來表達,例如以南瓜開花來作開篇:


  金瓜開花圓端端,

  匏仔開花高高,

  阿娘合哥無啥款,

  因何目尾咧相觀?


或以自我心境的表白,例如:

  手摜菜籃挽芫荽,

  三挽四挽挽開,

  父母問囝去佗位?

  神魂邀哥分 開。


  或以應答式俗稱「褒相褻」的方式來表現,例如:

問:子牙下山卜看命,

  半路拄著琵琶精,

  我問篇伯仔汝一件,

  天公伊叫啥乜名?

答:三國桃園三結義,

  九伐中原收姜維,

  若問天公我講起,

  伊是姓張名叫儀。


  這種「褒相褻」的歌,只要回答的一方能夠褒出歌來對應,就可以無限制的褒下去,直到一方答不出來,那一方就算輸了,也就是被「褻倒了」。但是「褒相褻」的歌,也可以在一問一答間決出勝負,在一問一答的情況下又如何分出勝負?這就需要由旁觀者來當仲裁。出題者要有答題的腹案,以便和答題者的答案相較,再由旁觀者裁示何人答內容比較貼切而決定勝負。勝負的判斷,是就各人所褒歌詞的含意、詞句的押韻、氣勢的連貫、典故的運用或具物比擬是否恰當等各方面來考量。


  褒歌以講述(俗稱「唸口白」)或唸唱的方式來表達。講述時以加重、延長或縮短某一些字的音調來詮釋歌的意境。唸唱則以歌仔戲的調,或以一種類似吟唱詩句的調來唱它。其音節長短、音調高低,隨傳唱者個人而異。故俗諺有云:「狗喉乞食聲,唱曲無儂聽」。這句話的意思是:好像狗的嚎聲或如乞丐的求乞聲,這種聲喉唱出來的歌曲沒有人會喜歡聽。竟即批評歌唱者音色及音調均不美。如何妥善運用音韻以詮釋歌詞的意境,就在於表達者個人如何去轉化他的巧思。


  讀者們若於澎湖的褒歌有興趣,歡迎到澎湖來做一趟深度的文化之旅,也可向澎湖縣文化局海洋資源館櫃台洽購「澎湖的褒歌」乙冊,以為澎湖采風之參據。


資料來源:連結點