SiteIntro:澎湖地名之旅Part12 案桌．案山
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馬公市案山里，清朝早期叫做「案山仔社」，晚期稱為「小案山社」，屬「東西澳」管轄。必須加以說明的是，案山里的原址是在測天島，光緒廿二年（公元一八九六年），日本因為要在測天島闢建軍港（澎湖海軍要港部），才將村落遷到現址。
一八九六年，日本占據澎湖的第二年。從此，日本人稱村落現址為「大案山」，村落原址為「小案山」，後來叫「小案山」為測天島。
由於測天島的形狀像古代官府升堂辦案用的高腳桌（古代人稱高腳桌為案），加上該島距「澎湖廳」衙門不遠，也就是說，測天像擺在衙門前面的一張案子而得名。
「案山漁火」，是澎湖舊八景之一，因為在一八九六年以前，「案山仔社」位在測天島，先民全部以捕魚為業，加上該島沿海避風，又盛產丁香及鱙仔魚，一年四季漁船都能出海作業，每天晚上「案山仔社」沿海漁火點點，是澎湖一大特色。
此外，案山里的居家建築所以特別整齊，是一八九六年日本「澎湖列島行政府」長官（類似現在的縣長）田中綱常事先規劃的，建村後，整個村落的房子就像分列式軍隊一般整齊。
在元、明、清三個朝代，「案山仔社」都不是軍防地區，七百年中從未駐過軍隊，原因是古代澎湖的軍防部署，重點都擺在群島周邊，而測天島位在澎南及馬公中間，以冷兵器為主力的古代軍隊，無佈防必要：滄桑七百年，「案山仔社」變成測天島，「大案山」、「小案山」這兩個日本人取的地名已消失，現在只剩下一個案山里。
資料來源:澎湖逍遙遊網站
