Spots:花嶼 全台極西之島20051114


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From PHSea

花嶼 全台極西之島


  花嶼,全台極西之島。亦台省四極之中,唯一有住民者。距中國大陸最近,自古兵家進取台灣必經之地,先民渡海開墾台澎之踏腳石。每至冬季,朔風狂拂,沿海輒有大陸漁船群集停泊避風,少者數艘,多則百餘,時感氣氛緊張,地理位置重要。

  花嶼,澎湖群島中,最古老之島。揆諸全澎依火山活動情形與岩漿種類,可分澎湖火山島群及花嶼火山島。澎湖火山島群活動時間距今一千七百萬至八百萬年前;花嶼岩石變質年代距今則六千五百萬至六千萬年前,原岩甚者遠自九千五百萬年至五千五百萬年前。其岩石性質迥異澎湖島群,可見一斑。

  花嶼地貌,以早期火山活動、季風吹襲、陽光照射、海洋侵蝕,景觀多變。有洋蔥狀風化石、球狀風化石、蜂窩岩、豆腐岩、海蝕溝、海蝕洞者,或似大龜負小龜、或像玉人挺雙峰;有稱「小鯨魚洞」之海蝕拱門、有狀如「鴕鳥頭」之海蝕柱;東海岸有「一線天」、「三不像」;他如「情人石」、「石筆」,展現儀態萬千,品類紛繁面貌,使花嶼宛若一座石雕公園。

  花嶼之名,早日有「高華嶼」之稱,以島上之紅赤土,於日熾下,宛若紅花盪漾海上,當年鄭和下西洋、延平郡王渡台灣,皆先見此,以為鵠的,再定航行路線。「高華嶼」後改「花嶼」;又有「花草青蔥」說者,「澎湖紀略」:「通志云澎湖諸島嶼,惟花嶼、草嶼青蔥,故以花草名焉。」此說應無可訾議。民國八十年後,島上廣植天人菊,蔚成花枝招展,加諸百有餘種鳥類,各逞體態優美、色彩斑斕;他如爬蟲、蝴蝶、動物、植物,於島上繁殖成長,生機盎然!

  花嶼之民,捕魚為生,間事農作。海產為其特色,作物自給自足。民生物資則自馬公抑或台灣本島採購。宗教信仰虔誠,廟宇有天湖宮、青龍廟、金娘廟等,避邪物則石敢當、地基祖、石塔、五營等。其石敢當之多,一百零九座,居全澎各村里之冠。

  花嶼名勝:「故鄉自寶」碑(寶或保之誤),立於何時?不可稽考。耆老云:早年常有海盜來侵,村人搬火砲至石碑處嚇阻,使之不敢貿然上岸掠奪也。惜今已不見炮蹤。「燈塔」有花嶼之光之稱,一身雪白,高約五十公尺,矗立西北山坡,夏初登上波頂,俯瞰全島,一覽台地之美,感受花草青蔥,其北有風化石柱,觀之位置不同,其形各異,時如武士、時如觀音,居民稱之曰:石人。「煙墩山」,於島之東北,全島最高之處(五十三公尺),晴空萬里之際,登上山頂,眺望澎湖群島羅列大洋之中,夜間滿天星斗,燦爛如織,漫步其間,觀月數星,的是佳妙。至若「仙腳石印」,位於東南礁石叢中,退潮時分較易見。此為左足,與望安天台山之右腳恰是一對,而神似猶有過之,大小亦如人足。傳聞望安、花嶼本相連接,呂洞賓過海之時,出恭甚急,腳跨兩島,一貓作怪,呂祖情急一蹬,兩島分出,各留腳印,一東一西,貓吃罰則,縛拴柱上,即今貓嶼前之「貓乞」(柱狀礁石)也。

  花嶼,雖處台島極西,其實不遠,此數千萬年前之古老島嶼,嶼上純樸率真之居民,期待您之光臨,一同賞識。(擷自文化局文化資產叢書菊島之美百題唱和詩文集頁一四二|一四三)


資料來源:澎湖時報[2005/11/14]