Spots:澎湖施公祠擬應福建晉江市施琅紀念館邀請率眾善信前往福建展開尋根之旅20070403
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澎湖施公祠擬應福建晉江市施琅紀念館邀請率眾善信前往福建展開尋根之旅
〈記者陳彥宏／澎湖報導〉為迎接澎湖實施小三通的到來，澎湖施公祠特應福建晉江市施琅紀念館邀請，擬於今年率領本地眾善信前往福建展開尋根之旅；
屆時將參觀晉江市施琅紀念館，以藉此瞭解施琅將軍過去豐功偉業。
為迎接澎湖實施小三通的到來，福建晉江市施琅紀念館日前特寄發邀請函給澎湖施公祠，邀請本地眾善信前往福建展開尋根之旅；澎湖施公祠聞訊後目前正積極籌備相關事宜，期盼能如期出發前往。
福建晉江市施琅紀念館館長施仁宗指出：施琅是晉江衙口人,目前在衙口的施氏大宗祠已建成施琅將軍紀念館，成爲福建省文物保護單位，在惠安鶴頂山的施琅墓園也修葺一新，對外開放。
但是，由於舊的傳統的偏見和舊的思維模式的影響，不久前，還有人說施琅是什麽鄭成功的「叛將」、是「民族敗類」；這雖然是老調重彈，但也說明在宣傳施琅的功績方面，我們的工作還做得不夠。
施仁宗在這裏只簡單地說說施琅與鄭成功的關係，施琅原來是鄭的部將，爲鄭的「反清復明」出過力；後來施的部下曾德因犯法逃到鄭處，求鄭庇護，施派人把他抓了回來，並“立殺之”，這可得罪了鄭；其實，這本是一件小事，但鄭卻借題發揮，扣留了施琅和其父大宣、弟顯；後施琅逃出，隱匿在晉江安平鄭芝豹和施福處，並請他們去同鄭成功和解；鄭不許，居然殺了施父大宣和弟顯，而且派人到安平行刺施琅，施琅得到消息，別無選擇，只好投奔清軍，他就是在這樣的情況下背著鄭成功“叛將”罪名的。
施仁宗說試想，如果施琅當時不這樣做，其後果不是同他的父、弟一樣嗎？所以，施琅的叛鄭是爲鄭所逼，不得已而爲之，人們談到鄭施恩怨時，或歸罪於施，或各打五十大板。他以爲，這是不公平的，施琅投清是無可非議的，鄭成功作爲歷史人物，早在上世紀50年代學術界就對他作了充分的肯定，稱他是偉大的民族英雄（當然，現在我們對鄭的評價也是如此）；那時施琅還被冷落在一邊。過去，人們習慣於“爲尊者諱”的思維模式，作爲鄭對立面的施琅當然是他的“叛將”了。
再說，以往人們對滿族也有偏見，以爲中國應該是漢族人的中國，少數民族不能入主中國，這是大漢族主義。滿族作爲中華民族大家庭中之一員，爲什麽不能統治中國呢？歷史上統治中國的少數民族不少；此時，滿族建立起來的清朝已統一大部分中國大陸，而鄭成功的所謂“反清復明”代表的南明小王朝已名存實亡，成了清朝統一中國的絆腳石。所以，從施琅個人來說，他投奔清軍，是保存了自己的身家生命；從國家來說，他投奔清朝是順應了歷史潮流；其後施琅的平臺、保台和開發臺灣的事實證明了這一點。這能說施琅是什麽“漢奸”、民族“敗類”嗎？
施仁宗進一步表示：施琅值得人們欽佩、尊敬和歌頌的還在於他後來對鄭成功後裔及其部將的處理，如上所說，施琅的父親和弟弟爲鄭成功所殺，其後在鄭經時代，他的家族又有70餘人，死于鄭氏之手；照理說，他同鄭家有不共戴天之仇。無論什麽人都會尋找時機報仇雪恨的；可是，施琅呢？當他率兵攻下澎湖以後，有人勸他：“公與鄭氏三世仇，今鄭氏釜中魚，籠中鳥也，何不急撲滅以雪前冤？”請看施的回答：“吾此行上爲國，下爲民耳。若其銜璧來歸，當即赦之，毋苦我父老子弟，幸矣！何私之有。”他還向鄭氏手下的人保證：“斷不報仇。當日殺吾父者已死，與他人何干。不特臺灣人不殺，即鄭家肯降，吾亦不殺；今日之事，君事也，吾事也，吾敢報私怨乎？”入台後，他不食言，不僅不殺鄭家一人，還親自爲文，前往鄭成功廟告祭，言詞懇切，令人感動。施琅不計前嫌，不記私仇，胸懷坦蕩，寬宏大量，大公無私，顧全大局的高風亮節，難道不值得歌頌嗎？
有關澎湖施琅的後代，由於施琅生前幫助清朝擊敗鄭成功父子，在當時被漢人視為漢奸，施琅被封為靖海侯之後，他的家族有跟著他一起遷徙到澎湖來生活居住，等到施琅死後，後代子孫為了怕漢人迫害，於是整個家族遷往西嶼鄉內垵村落腳，並且改姓氏為「才」，這是百家姓中找不到的姓氏，所以來澎湖如果遇到內垵人又姓才的，那他們就是施琅的後代。
資料來源：澎湖每天電子報2007/04/03
