SiteIntro:澎湖地名之旅Part25 虎井．好井

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From PHSea

　　馬公市虎井里（島），原名叫做「好井」（閩南話虎與好諧音），那口井的位置在虎井島東端，在清朝雍正年間，「媽宮」（即今馬公市區）曾有部分先民，遷居到虎井島落戶，以捕魚為業，才發現島上那口井，井泉可以飲用因而得名，叫做「好井」。

　　後來所以改名為「虎井」，相傳是有一次島上一位家庭主婦帶著小孩去汲水，但不幸，那個只有幾歲大的孩子因為不慎摔落井中喪命，島上先民因而改口叫它「虎井」，以示那口井是會吃人的「虎」之意，目的是要提醒大家去汲水時必須防範摔落井中。

　　澎湖所有文獻只記載風災雨災，而未記載地震這種自然災害；但據筆者祖父那一代的先民曾說：「古早「虎井頭」常發生崩山，一口大井也崩落海裡去了」。 所謂「虎井頭」，是指虎井島東端，而崩山，可能是發生地震；至於「古早」是「早」到那個年代，已無從考證，但相信是在清朝道光年間以前，因為澎湖唯一的進士蔡廷蘭撰寫澎湖八景詩時，是在道光年間他考中進士後，詩中有句「虎井澄清」便是其中一景。

　　據蔡進士的後裔蔡平立先生解釋，所謂「虎井澄清」是指當風和日麗時，「虎井頭」的海水特別清明，可以看到「虎井頭」海底有一座沈城。 目前尚存的許多文獻都記載，有「虎井沈城」這回事。

　　民國七十二年前後，台北潛水專家謝新曦，為了證實有無「虎井沈城」，曾與澎湖好幾位潛水好手潛入「虎井頭」海底細看，未發現沈城，卻發現海底有不少大小不同的玄武岩石塊，由此己可證實，筆者祖父那一代長輩所說，「虎井頭」常崩山是事實，那口「虎井」也因發生崩山而隨著崩落海中，因此地名雖叫虎井，己看不到有像老虎形狀的古井了。虎井島的另一個特點是，下好位在北回歸線中間，東經一一九度廿九分四十二秒，北緯廿三度廿七分廿四秒，與豎立在嘉義縣的北回歸線標幟碑同一條直線。

　　在明、清兩個朝代，虎井島海域曾經是朝廷駐軍與外國人及海盜打仗的戰場，也是漁產量最多的漁場，如今因為資源大減，島上居紛紛他遷，預料在可見的未來，虎井島將可能變成無人島。

資料來源:澎湖逍遙遊網站