Spots:台灣念真情之尋找台灣角落:保生大帝的子孫－馬公雞母塢
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From PHSea
- 文章名稱：被遺忘的國土－澎湖西嶼坪
- 資料來源：書：台灣念真情
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- 文章內文：
一九九六年十月二十一日
沒有天然屏障的澎湖，冬天似乎來的特別早。馬公附近的雞母塢已經是飛砂走石、草木枯黃的冬天景象了。要不是社區標幟上有這麼一隻母雞為記，我們還差點以為走錯地方，因為雞母塢已經被「文化」成另一個名字叫「五德社區」了。「五德社區」是官方說法，居民照樣叫自己的村子為雞母塢。
有漁村就有廟，不過在雞母塢卻不是我們慣見的媽祖廟，而是供奉保生大帝的廟。保生大帝在這裏除了是居民崇拜的對象之外，祂還身兼公有財產管理的重責大任。因為在雞母塢有一處石滬，它的所有權人就是保生大帝。
石滬是幾百年前先民所構建的。他們在海埔地用石頭堆成口袋型的矮牆，外窄內寬。漲潮時，魚蝦隨著潮汐湧入；退潮，魚蝦就留在口袋內。簡單的說，就是人造的潟湖吧！既然石滬是先民集體所建，漁獲便歸全民所有，為了避免糾爭，保生大帝只好扮演仲裁者的角色。透過祂的威名，建立了眾人都甘心服從的分配制度。村民按日輪流補撈魚獲。習慣成自然之後，至今無人敢踰矩。
不過魚獲真的是越來越少了！我們在石滬跟了他們老半天，只看到今天輪班的人，零零星星「勾」（金勾 顯示不出來）起了幾條「臭肚」和其他雜魚，根本是吃都不夠了，哪還有得曬乾！但丁香魚倒網了不少。問他們說是自己吃？還是拿去賣？答案都是也都不是。他們說要曬乾之後，寄給在台灣城市中謀生的孩子們吃的！
雞母塢全村泰半姓歐，可是卻有一座歐陽宗祠，而且都是姓歐的人蓋的。心裏才納悶，一個阿公卻主動過來打招呼，在他得意的導遊之下，我們意外的看到雞母塢的私人小型農場試驗所。
澎湖風大，泥土的鹽分高且貧瘠，能種的東西並不多。阿公偏不信邪，他什麼東西都拿來在自己的前庭後院試種。各種蔬菜水果，甚至椰子、檳榔、甘蔗，他都實驗式的多少種它一些。奇怪的是，每一種都被阿公種得人模人樣。阿公得意的報出他的大名：「歐陽願。」心想那些歐陽宗祠大概是他家族的宗祠吧！後來才知道，雞母塢在日據時代之前大半姓歐陽。日本人來了之後，規定只有日本人才能復姓，於是全村只好在強制的命令下去掉一個「陽」字，改姓歐。直到光復三十幾年後的民國七十一年，內政部才同意村民可以登記恢復原姓。阿公說他是第一個、也是唯一一個去改的。其他人不改的理由是太麻煩了。因為一改。所有過去文件，如畢業證書、考試及格證書、證......，任何資料都得重新更改。想到官方那樣的手續，大夥只好跟祖先道歉，反正心裏明白自己姓的是歐陽就好了，不然哪有可能一堆姓歐的人去蓋一棟歐陽的宗祠？
一如台灣本島的一些偏遠村鎮。雞母塢全村非老即小。黃昏一到，只見阿公、阿嬤帶著下課的孫子孫女慢慢走回去。孫子們都變成阿公、阿嬤的孩子。問村民為什麼這地方叫雞母塢？他們或許幽默，或許自我解嘲的說：「村子到處都是阿嬤帶著孫子到處走，那不就像母雞帶小雞？」不管他們怎麼說，雞母塢起碼找到一個命名的理由了；那「五德」呢？誰知道！
