Spots:《澎荷400年》沈有容碑 風華重現 扁主持揭碑儀式 藉古文物讓民眾了解歷史傳承20041123
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《澎荷400年》沈有容碑 風華重現 扁主持揭碑儀式 藉古文物讓民眾了解歷史傳承
【李月華】
日前於澎湖天后宮的廟埕上，總統陳水扁在文建會主委陳其南、澎湖縣長賴峰偉等官員及全國22座古蹟媽祖廟負責人的陪同下，主持了一場古碑重揭儀式，有著400年歷史的「沈有容諭退紅毛蕃韋麻郎等」古碑隆重再現世人眼前。這塊古碑所見證的，正是台灣全球化歷史的開端，也就是澎湖與荷蘭人初會的歷史場景。
16世紀末(1592年)，時稱尼德蘭的荷蘭一方面如火如荼地進行反抗西班牙、爭取獨立的戰爭，一方面成立遠方貿易公司，從事國際貿易。之後荷蘭船隊大舉東來，經由同一航線(繞過非洲南端的好望角抵達印尼萬丹，由印度洋前進亞洲)尋求東方貿易。位於東亞政治體系邊緣的台灣，由於當時的政治地位尚不確定，乃順理成章成為非正式貿易集團的會合中心。
史料記載，西元1604年8月7日，東印度公司司令韋麻郎(Wybrand t van Waerwijck)再度率領船隊東來，試圖敲開明朝的貿易大門。因遇大風，韋麻郎趁著澎湖島無人防守而登陸，前後3艘商船載著數百名荷蘭人分別抵達，在馬公島盤桓了131天，直到同年12月15日才駛離澎湖。此一歷史事件，即是澎荷初會400年的經過，也是荷蘭人第一次佔據澎湖。
歷史記載上進一步說明，韋麻郎在登陸澎湖後，曾派人到福建求市。當時福建當局一面嚴禁人民出海接濟荷蘭人，一面派遣都司沈有容帶領兵船50艘，於11月8日(農曆9月27日)抵達澎湖，在娘媽宮(今「天后宮」)會晤韋麻郎，明確要求其撤退。在求市無望的情形下，韋氏終於將船隊駛離澎湖、進而轉據台灣，清廷於是留下「沈有容諭退紅毛蕃韋麻郎等」碑，為歷史紀實。
然而該碑不久後即因不明原因長埋地底，直到日據時代大正年間( 西元1919年)重修馬公天后宮時，發現祭壇下埋著古碑，才讓400年前澎荷初會的歷史事件浮現世人眼前。1985年文建會整修天后宮完竣，將古碑置於清風閣二樓，現再移置清風閣一樓過道間，方便遊客欣賞。歷經漫長的400年歲月，石碑本體依然完好，只是字跡已趨模糊。
在澎湖與荷蘭初會400年後的今天，藉由天后宮廟埕重現沈有容紀功碑的揭碑儀式，古蹟與石碑文物的台灣歷史見證意義也重新獲得彰顯。此外，與天后宮僅有一街之隔的澎湖防衛司令部馬公港港口指揮部營區(其前身為清代水師副將衙門、日治時期為總都督府澎湖廳憲兵隊營區)，也將在澎湖縣政府的規畫之下，搖身一變成為「媽宮史蹟展示園區」，從歷史文物中讓民眾深刻了解台灣歷史文化的脈絡傳承。
東印度公司商船載著荷蘭及歐洲人踏上馬公陸地的一刻，正是改變台灣歷史發展重要而關鍵的時刻。影響所及，是往後幾百年台灣的社會變遷及經濟發展。如果沒有歐洲人的東來，台灣可能在17世紀以後相當長時期仍是中國海盜或日本倭寇逃避追捕的避難地，漢人要更晚許久才能大批移民台灣。
因此，探討台灣近代歷史的緣起，就不能不從歐洲人東來說起。而荷蘭人所留下的許多文獻史料，則讓台灣歷史發展進入「信史」的年代。
資料來源：[中時晚報] 2004/11/23
